What is Cop 26 and what is its significance?
Experts fear that if climate change is not addressed immediately, the world will reach a point from which it will be impossible to return.
To address this, a 197-nation conference is being held in Glasgow, Scotland, where leaders from around the world will come together and consider recommendations and suggestions for tackling climate change.
Cop 26 stands for What?
First of all, the explanation that COP26 stands for Conference of the Parties. The number 26 has been added to this because it is the 26th conference. This year the conference will be held from October 31 to November 12.
What is Cop 26?
The United Nations developed a plan to tackle climate change in 1992, called the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change.
Under this, the member countries meet every year to consider the extent to which these countries are implementing the recommendations.
The first meeting of the series was held in Berlin in 1995, after which it is held annually.
This organization imposes conditions on countries to stop emitting greenhouse gases, which must be implemented.
Who will attend the conference?
In addition to US President Joe Biden, British Prime Minister Boris Johnson and the Queen, heads of state from around 100 countries are taking part.
However, Chinese President Xi Jinping will not be part of the summit, even though China is one of the world's largest producers of carbon dioxide.
What will be the decisions in COP 26?
The main goal of COP 26 is to reduce the amount of carbon in the atmosphere to prevent global warming, for which a number of measures have been proposed. The world is currently having a hard time achieving this goal.
During the conference, member states will set out proposals and goals for reducing global pollution. Many of the decisions will be in the context of the earlier Paris Agreement.
What is the Paris Agreement?
The Paris Agreement is the most important agreement reached on December 12, 2015, in the French capital. The agreement was signed by about 200 countries.
It was the first time that countries around the world had reached an agreement to curb emissions of greenhouse gases.
The agreement stipulates that the nations of the world will work together to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
Under the agreement, each country promised to set its own goals, which would be reviewed every five years.
Former United States President Donald Trump pulled the United States out of the deal, but new President Joe Biden has rejoined.
What's so significant about a 1.5 degree Celsius?
Extensive research by the IPCC, a global watchdog group on climate change, has found that there is a big difference between a two-degree increase and a 1.5-degree increase.
Although 1.5 degrees of heat will cause major changes in the atmosphere, 1.5 degrees is still a trophy compared to the devastation caused by two degrees.
What is the problem with reducing carbon dioxide?
The problem is that the world economy is currently running on a carbon dioxide-producing industry.
In addition to the use of petroleum, coal, and natural gas, agriculture and animal husbandry all produce greenhouse gases that cause global warming.
If a country avoids these things, it will have to radically change its economy, which is a very expensive deal.
That is why many countries are reluctant to adopt clean energy sources as these new sources are more expensive than conventional fuels.
They fear that if they impose sanctions on their industry, their economy will be ruined. That is why this process is not sudden, it can happen gradually.
Which countries are not living up to their promises?
China, Australia, Russia and India have not yet made new commitments to reduce pollution.
Are all COP 26 member countries equal?
No. The biggest problem right now is that the poorest countries, emitting the least carbon emissions, are the biggest victims of climate change.
The richest countries are emitting the most pollution, and they are responsible for much of the extra carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
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